Module 9: Tax Planning

Tax on Different Income Types (India)

यह “Tax on Different Income Types” का simplified और practical breakdown है, जो आपके Module 9: Tax Planning में perfectly फिट होगा — और इसमें New Tax Regime vs Old Tax Regime का angle भी रहेगा।

Salary Income

• Definition: Employee के employer से मिलने वाला basic pay, allowances, bonus आदि।

• Taxability: “Income from Salary” head में taxable।

• Deductions:

  • Old Regime: Standard deduction (₹50,000), HRA, LTA, 80C, 80D आदि।
  • New Regime: Limited deductions (only standard deduction allowed)।

Business या Profession Income

• Definition: Self-employed, freelancer, shop, consultancy आदि से income।
• Taxability: “Profits & Gains of Business or Profession” head में taxable।
• Special Point: Books of accounts maintain करना पड़ सकता है।
• Deductions: Allowed business expenses deduct कर सकते हैं।

House Property Income

• Definition: Rent से income, या खुद के 2nd house पर notional rent।

• Taxability: “Income from House Property” head में taxable।

• Deductions:

  • Standard deduction (30% of rent)
  • Home loan interest (₹2,00,000 तक—Old Regime में)

Capital Gains

• Definition: Property, shares, mutual funds, gold आदि बेचने से होने वाला profit।

• Types:

  • Short-Term Capital Gain (STCG): Holding period कम
  • Long-Term Capital Gain (LTCG): Holding period लंबा

• Tax Rates:

  • Shares/Equity MF: STCG @ 15%, LTCG @ 10% (₹1 lakh से ऊपर)
  • Property/Gold: STCG @ slab rate, LTCG @ 20% (indexation benefit)

Other Sources Income

• Definition: Savings account interest, FD interest, lottery, gifts, etc.
• Taxability: “Income from Other Sources” head में taxable।
• Special Point: Bank interest पर section 80TTA/80TTB deduction available।

Agricultural Income

• Definition: Agriculture operations से directly earned income।
• Taxability: Directly exempt, लेकिन tax rate calculation में consider हो सकता है।

Comparison Table: Old vs New Regime (for Salaried)